C.11 Interpret graphed data

Graphs are essential tools for understanding patterns and changes in behavior or learning. Here's an overview to help you interpret graphs effectively and make informed decisions about interventions or progress.

• X-Axis (Horizontal): Represents variables that change over time, such as session numbers, dates, or periods.

  Example: Each session of a reading program is marked on the x-axis.

• Y-Axis (Vertical): Represents variables that measure magnitude, like frequency, duration, or scores.

  Example: The number of correct responses during a math session is shown on the y-axis.

🔑Key Features of a Graph🔑

Slope

• What it is: Measures how quickly behavior is changing by dividing the vertical change (y) by the horizontal change (x) between two points.

• Why it matters: Indicates the direction and speed of change.

  Example: A steep slope in a graph of reading accuracy shows rapid improvement, while a flat slope might indicate little or no progress.

Trend

• Shows the overall direction of data (ascending, descending, stable, or variable).

  Example: A descending trend in tantrum frequency indicates positive progress.

Level

• Refers to the value of data points along the y-axis.

  Example: A consistent level of high scores might indicate mastery of a skill.

Variability

• Measures how consistent data points are.

  Example: High variability in reading scores might suggest inconsistent performance across sessions.

Data Path:

• The line connecting data points within a specific phase. It shows changes over time.

Phase Change Line:

• A vertical line dividing different conditions in a study (e.g., before and after an intervention).

  Example: A phase change line can mark when a new teaching method was introduced, helping evaluate its impact.

Graphs make it easier to see progress, identify challenges, and adjust interventions as needed. By understanding trends, levels, and variability, parents and teachers can collaborate with professionals to ensure students receive the best support possible.

When you look at a graph, ask yourself:

• Is the behavior improving or declining?

• Are the changes consistent over time?

• How effective is the intervention?