Description: It is the first step in the scientific process. It involves observing and recording a behavior or event of interest in a systematic and objective manner. Description is important because it provides a basis for understanding and analysis.
For example, a researcher might describe the behavior of a child with autism. The researcher might observe and record the child's behavior over a period of time, recording when the behavior occurs, how often it occurs, and in what context. This information could help the researcher better understand the child's behavior.
Prediction: is the ability to anticipate an outcome based on observation of past events. Prediction is important because it helps establish relationships between events.
For example, a researcher might predict that a child with autism is more likely to behave disruptively in a noisy or crowded environment. This prediction is based on the observation that children with autism often feel overwhelmed by strong sensory stimuli.
Control: is the ability to manipulate an event to produce a change in another event. Control is important because it allows establishing causal relationships between events.
For example , a researcher might manipulate the environment of a child with autism to reduce the likelihood of disruptive behavior. The researcher could do this by providing a quieter, less crowded environment.
Control can be used to manipulate people or limit their freedom. However, the goal should always be to help people. For children with autism, monitoring can be used to develop individualized plans that help children learn and grow.